Hot-melt adhesives of polyolefins containing oxime compounds or esters thereof

ABSTRACT

OXIME COMPOUNDS OR ESTERS THEREOF ARE ADMIXED WITH POLYOLEFINS OR POLYAMIDES TO MAKE A HOT-MELT ADHESIVE TO BE APPLIED AS A COATING OR LAMINATE FOR METAL OR GLASS.

United States Patent Olhce 3,658,755 Patented Apr. 25, 1972 3,658,755 HOT-MELT ADHESIVES F POLYOLEFINS CON- TAINING OXIME COMPOUNDS 0R ESTERS THEREOF Clive D. Moon and Robert K. F. Neumann, Bartlesville, Okla, assignors to Phillips Petroleum Company No Drawing. Filed Nov. 7, 1968, Ser. No. 774,200 Int. Cl. C08f 45/60 US. Cl. 260-453 R 12 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Oxime compounds, or esters thereof are admixed with polyolefins or polyamides to make a hot melt adhesive to be applied as a coating or laminate for metal or glass.

I 'Wehave specifically discovered that an excellent hot melt adhesive is formed by admixing an oxime compound or ester thereof into a polyolefin or polyamide. The resulting composition can be extruded as a'coating on metal or glass surfaces or extruded therebetween so as to form a laminate.

It is an object of this invention to provide a new composition of matter suitable as a hot-melt adhesive and a process for producing said adhesive.

It is another object of this invention to provide a process for coating a metal or glass surface with a polyolefin or polyamide layer.

It is still another object of this invention to provide a composite article wherein the members of said article are bonded together with a hot-melt adhesive.

Further objects and advantages of our invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the description and claims herein set forth.

The polyolefins suitable for employment in this invention can be made by any method known to the art such as the method described in U .S. Pat. 2,825,721 issued Mar. 4, 1958, to Hogan and Banks and British Pat. 853,414 Phillips Petroleum Company (1960) and can be made by the high pressure process or with organo-metal catalyst system and the like.

The polyolefins employed according to this invention generally will be made from monoolefins, contain a maximum of 8 carbon atoms and are normally solid substantially crystalline thermoplastic polymers generally having a density of about .85 to .9'7.

Exemplary of some of these compounds are p-benclude polyethylene; polypropylene; polybutylene; poly- (4-methyl)pentene-l; and the like, as well as copolymers such as copolymers of ethylene with propylene, l-butene, and the like.

The polyamides, wherein the structural units are linked by amide or thio-amide groupings, can likewise be produced by any of the methods well known to the art and utilized according to this invention. Exemplary of some polyamides include nylon 6-6, nylon-6, nylon 6-12, nylon 12-12, and the like.

The oxime compounds suitable for use in this invention comprise:

(A) dioximes or esters thereof having the formula a c a" c a wherein each R is methyl, ethyl, propyl, or phenyl, and wherein said R groups can be identical or dissimilar, and wherein each R is hydrogen or an acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, sulfonyl, or benzoyl radical and said R radicals can be identical or dissimilar, and wherein R is a valence bond or an alkylene radical having 1-4 carbon atoms.

Exemplary of some of these compounds are dimethylglyoxime, diethylglyoxime, methylethylglyoxime, dipropylglyoxime, diisopropylglyoxime, dibutylglyoxime, dimethylglyoxime diacetate, methylethylglyoxime diacetate, diethylglyoxi'me dimethyl sulfonate, dipropylglyoxime diphenylsulfonate, dibutylglyoxime disulfonate, diisopropylglyoxime dipropionate, 2,4-pentanedione dioxime, 3,5- heptanedione dioxime diacetate, 2,5-octanedione dioxime, and the like.

(B) p-Quinone oximes or derivatives thereof having the formula R"'NOR' and wherein R" corresponds to one of the following structural formulae:

II II II 7 O1 01' w (l i ii and wherein R is as defined above.

Exemplary of some of these compounds are p-benzoquinone oxime, p-naphthaquinone oxime, p-anthraquinone oxime, p-benzoquinone oxime acetate, p-benzoquinone oxime methylsulfonate, and the like; or

(C) p-Quinone dioximes or derivatives thereof having the formula R"" (NOR') and wherein R" corresponds to one of the following structural formulae:

and wherein R is as defined above.

Exemplary of some of these compounds are 1,4-beuzoquinone dioxime, v1,4-benzoquinone dioxime diacetate, 1,4-benzoquinone dioxime dipropionate, 1,4-benzoquinone dioxime dimethylsulfonate, 1,4-benzoquinone dioxime diphenylsulfonate, 1,4-naphthaquinone dioxime, 1,4- naphthaquinone dioxime diacetate, 1,4-naphthaquinone dioxime diphenylsulfonate, 9,10-anthraqninone dioxime, 9,10-anthraquinone dioxime diacetate, 9,10-anthraquinone dioxime diphenylsulfonate, 1,4-benzoquinone dioxime 1- acetate, 4-propionate, l-phenyl 1,2-propanedione dioxime, 2,4-pentanedione dioxime, 3,-6-octanedione dioxime, 3,6-octanedione dioxime diacetate, and the like.

The oximes and esters thereof employed in this invention can be prepared according to any of the methods well known to the art, such as formed from the condensation between amine reagents, such as hydroxylamine, and aldehydes or ketones. One method of oxime preparation is described in Whitmore, Organic Chemistry, D. V. lNostrand Co., Lancaster, Pa., 1937, pp. 428-430 and page 805.

In practicing our invention, the concentration of the particular oxime compound additive employed is about 0.05 to 0.5 weight percent, based on the polyolefin or polyamide.

The oxime compound is dissolved in a suitable nonreactive solvent and slurried with the solid polymer that is in a subdivided state, such as powdered, pelleted, liuifed, or the like.

After the mixture has been slurried, the solvent is removed, generally by evaporation at room temperature or higher, in a current of air, if desired.

Any nonreactive solvent can be employed, but genermember and allowed to cool thus forming a protective film or coating thereon. Polymer coatings of our invention can be applied to substantially any metal article or glass for the prevention ally a low boiling hydrocarbon or light polar solvent that of corrosion in corrosive environments e.g., submerged can be easily removed by evaporation is preferred. Exin or adjacent to salt brine such as sea water or oil [field emplary of suitable solvents are acetone, methyl ethyl waters. It can also be employed as inert liners for metal ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethyl acetate, butyl acecans, in the coating of metal foils and wire, or employed tate, benzene, toluene, and the like. in the manufacture of condenser plates and the like.

The amount of solvent required is generally about 60 Exemplary of our invention and not to be interpreted to 90 cc. of solvent per 100 grams of polymer, but it can as a limitation upon the ingredients employed or upon vary outside these limits depending upon the amount the scope thereof, the following example is presented. and kind of the ingred ents adnnxed. An amount sufli- [EXAMPLE I cient to dlssol've the oxnne and evenly wet the polymer 0 without excess liquid should be used, and this amount can Several diiferent kinds of oxnne compounds were lI1COI'- readily be determined by one skilled in the art. porated into resins. The oxime compound additive was It is to be understood that additives such as stabilizers, dissolved in 40 cc. acetone and slurried in 50 grams of plasticizers, antioxidants, pigments, fillers, dyes, and the the polymer. The solvent was allowed to evaporate and like, can be incorporated into the formulation of the hotthe resulting composition heated and apphed between melt adhesive and that the polymer and oxime additives tWO metal glass After cooling at a rate of can be blended, as in a Brabender plastograph, before about 27 F. per minute the bond was tested on the employment thereof as a hot-melt adhesive, without de- Instron according to ASTM deslgnatlon 334002-64, parting from the scope or intent of our invention. cept that the overlapping of the members was one inch.

The resultant mixture, following evaporation of the The results of these tests on the particular members emsolvent, is then employed as a hot-melt adhesive. Any ployed, and the concentration of the oxime compound of the methods known to the art can be employed for additive to the particular polymer used are reported in applying the hot-melt adhesive to the metal or glass sub- Table I, thus effectively demonstrating the outstanding strate so as to provide a smooth molten coating of the quality of the hot-melt adhesives of this invention. The desired thickness. metal strips were degreased in hot xylene and air dried 30 prior to the application of the hot-melt adhesive.

TABLE I Lap shear nsile, Polymer Oxime compound addition Member 1bs./in.

Nylon 6-6 0.25% p-quinonedioxime dlacetate Stainless steel--- 1, 700 Do 0% p-qulnonedioxime dlaeetate .-do 1,000 Polyethy o Iron 990 D -do 770 1% p-quinonedioxlme dlaceta 1, 760 d 1,015 1,880 990 3,000 2,300 2,075 2, 400 2, 400 900 205 195 160 180 575 1,420 80 580 793 860 707 523 2,200 2,063 0.05 p-qulnonedioxime diaeetate .do 1, 120 Do. 1.0 p-qulnonedioxime dl(methylsulfonate).. 2, 027 B0. 0.25 g-qulnonedioxime d1 (methylsnlfonate) g, 2??

O. 0 v Do. 0.25 p-quinonedloxlme dl(benzenesullonate) 2, 400 Do 0.25 p-qulnonedloxime dlbenzoate do 2, 2002,400

l Plastographed for 3 min. at 190 C. before making the lap joints.

One method of employing the hot-melt adhesive composition is to heat the composition until it is fused and has the viscosity required for extrusion application. The fused adhesive composition is then applied to a surface of a base member and a second member, to be bonded to the base member, is joined thereto immediately while the adhesive is in the fused state, Cooling to room temperature will provide solidification of the adhesive and form a firm bond or laminate between the members. Pressure can be applied to the members during the cooling so as to provide good contact between the adhesive and the members.

In another method, the hot-melt adhesive composition is applied as an extrusion coating to a surface of the As will be evident to those skilled in the art, various modifications of this invention can be made or followed in light of the disclosure and the discussion herein set forth, without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention.

We claim:

1. A hot-melt adhesive composition comprising (1) a normally solid crystalline thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of homopolymers and copolymers of monoolefinic hydrocarbons having a maximum of 8 carbon atoms and no branching nearer the double bond than the 4-position; and

(2) an additive compound selected from the group consisting of (a) dioximes and esters thereof having the formula RCRCR l ro R rio R wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, propyl, and phenyl; wherein R" is a valence bond or an alkylene radical having 1-4 carbon atoms; wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, sulfonyl, and benzoyl;

(b) p-quinone oximes and derivatives thereof having the formula R"'NOR' wherein R corresponds to one of the following structural formulae:

and wherein R is as defined hereinabove;

(c) p-quinone dioximes and derivatives thereof having the formula R"(NOR) wherein R"" corresponds to one of the following structural formulae:

6. The composition of claim 1 wherein said compound is anthraquinone dioxime diacetate.

7. The composition of claim 1 wherein said additive compound is selected from the group consisting of dimethylglyoxime, diethylglyoxime, methylethylglyoxime, dipropylglyoxime, diisopropylglyoxime, dibutylglyoxime, dimethylglyoxime diacetate, methylethylglyoxime diacetate, diethylglyoxime dimethyl sulfonate, dipropylglyoxime diphenylsulfonate, dibutylglyoxime disulfonate, diisopropylglyoxime dipropionate, 2,4-pentanedione dioxime, 3,5-heptanedione dioxirne diacetate, and 2,5-octanedione dioxime.

8. A composite article comprising at least 2 members bonded together with a hot-melt adhesive composition as defined by claim 1.

9. A composite article in accordance with claim 8 wherein said members are articles of manufacture having metal or glass surfaces.

10. A composite article in accordance with claim 9 wherein said metal surfaces are selected from the group consisting of steel, brass, copper, aluminum, and iron.

11. A composite article in accordance with claim 10 wherein the polymer is polyethylene.

12. A composite article in accordance with claim 10 wherein the polymer is polypropylene.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,346,523 10/1967 Wiese 26045.9 3,347,810 10/1967 Johnson 260--45.9 3,374,248 3/1968 Mitchell 26045 .9 3,374,249 3/1968 Mitchell 26045.9 3,374,250 3/1968 Mitchell 26045.9

OTHER REFERENCES Handbook of Adhesives by Skeist pp. 447-448, Reinhold Publishing Co., London, TP 968, SS, C.2, copy in Group 140.

DONALD E. CZAJ A, Primary Examiner E. C. RZUCIDLO, Assistant Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. 

